A Comparative Analysis of Financial Distress Prediction Model Accuracy in the Textile and Garment Subsector Listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange

Authors

  • Nadia Safa Shabira Department of Management, Faculty of Economy, Gunadarma University, Depok 16424, Indonesia
  • Euphrasia Susy Suhendra Department of Management, Faculty of Economy, Gunadarma University, Depok 16424, Indonesia

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.60084/ijma.v4i2.440

Keywords:

Financial distress, Grover, Ohlson, Springate, Zmijewski

Abstract

This study aims to identify the potential for financial distress and compare the predictive accuracy of the Springate, Ohlson, Zmijewski, and Grover models in textile and garment subsector companies listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange (IDX) during the 2019–2024 period. Financial distress prediction is important as an early warning tool that enables companies, investors, and other stakeholders to anticipate financial difficulties and make appropriate strategic decisions. This study applies a descriptive quantitative approach using secondary data obtained from annual financial statements. The sample was selected through purposive sampling, resulting in 7 companies and 42 observations. The analysis includes model score calculations, descriptive statistics, normality testing, the Kruskal–Wallis test, and accuracy and error testing. The results indicate that the four models produce different financial distress classifications. The Kruskal–Wallis test generated a significance value of less than 0.001, confirming significant differences among the prediction results of the models. The Springate model achieved the highest accuracy rate of 83%, followed by the Zmijewski and Grover models at 69%, while the Ohlson model recorded the lowest accuracy rate of 45%. These findings suggest that the predictive performance of financial distress models varies depending on the characteristics of the sample and industry. Therefore, the Springate model can be considered the most appropriate and reliable model for predicting financial distress in textile and garment companies listed on IDX.

Downloads

Download data is not yet available.

References

  1. Omidvar, M., Confetto, M. G., and Palazzo, M. (2025). Business Model Innovation: A Bridge Between Corporate Social Responsibility and Successful Performance for Medium-Size Enterprises (SMEs) in the Digital Era, Systems, Vol. 13, No. 5, 378. doi:10.3390/systems13050378.
  2. Remane, G., Hanelt, A., Tesch, J. F., and Kolbe, L. M. (2017). The Business Model Pattern Database — a Tool for Systematic Business Model Innovation, International Journal of Innovation Management, Vol. 21, No. 01, 1750004. doi:10.1142/S1363919617500049.
  3. Alshebami, A. S. (2025). Purpose-Driven Resilience: A Blueprint for Sustainable Growth in Micro- and Small Enterprises in Turbulent Contexts, Sustainability, Vol. 17, No. 5, 2308. doi:10.3390/su17052308.
  4. Zhou, F., Liu, Y., Traiwannakij, S., and Triatmanto, B. (2025). Strategic Budgeting and Budgeting Evaluation Effects on China’s Manufacturing Companies’ Performance, Journal of Risk and Financial Management, Vol. 18, No. 4, 172. doi:10.3390/jrfm18040172.
  5. Huynh, T. X. T., Nguyen, T. T. H., and Nguyen, C. Van. (2025). The Impact of Working Capital Management on the Financial Performance of Listed Enterprises: An Empirical Evidence from Vietnam, Cogent Business & Management, Vol. 12, No. 1. doi:10.1080/23311975.2025.2473033.
  6. Jilani, W., and Chouaibi, S. (2026). The Mediating Role of ESG Practices in the Relationship between Supply Chain Finance and Financial Performance, Managerial Finance, Vol. 52, No. 2, 315–329. doi:10.1108/MF-03-2025-0176.
  7. Oktavianus, L. C., Randa, F., Jao, R., and Praditha, R. (2022). Kinerja Keuangan Dan Reputasi Perusahaan: Studi Pada Perusahaan Yang Terdaftar Di Bursa Efek Indonesia, KRISNA: Kumpulan Riset Akuntansi, Vol. 13, No. 2, 218–227. doi:10.22225/kr.13.2.2022.218-227.
  8. Darmansyah, A. P., Auliyanti, M. S., and Azizah, W. Z. N. (2025). Mengungkap Penyebab Kepailitan PT. Sri Rejeki Isman Tbk (Sritex): Faktor Internal, Eksternal, Manajemen Keuangan Dan Proses Hukum, Jurnal Riset Akuntansi, Vol. 3, No. 1, 330–340. doi:10.54066/jura-itb.v3i1.2980.
  9. Ramadhani, Y. C. (2023). Dampak Pandemi COVID-19 Terhadap Perekonomian Indonesia, Jurnal Samudra Ekonomi Dan Bisnis, Vol. 14, No. 2, 200–212. doi:10.33059/jseb.v14i2.4395.
  10. Raihansah, R., Zahrah, H., Villani, R., and Aulia, H. (2025). Analisis Kepailitan, Rantai Pasokan Dan Tenaga Kerja Di Industri Tekstil Indonesia, PENG: Jurnal Ekonomi Dan Manajemen, Vol. 2, No. 4, 4265–4277. doi:10.62710/4ca9mf30.
  11. Andira, K., and Nasution, R. (2025). Pengaruh Sales Growth, Leverage, Dan Aktivitas Perusahaan Terhadap Tingkat Financial Distress Pada Perusahaan Tekstil &Amp; Garmen Periode 2018–2023, Benefit: Journal of Bussiness, Economics, and Finance, Vol. 3, No. 2, 1149–1167. doi:10.70437/benefit.v3i2.1381.
  12. Santika, E. F. (2026). Angka PHK Buruh Indonesia Sepanjang 2014-2025, Databoks, from https://databoks.katadata.co.id/ketenagakerjaan/statistik/69690972396f1/angka-phk-buruh-indonesia-sepanjang-2014-2025.
  13. Indonesia Stock Exchange. (2026). Financial Statements and Annual Reports, Indonesia Stock Exchange, from https://www.idx.co.id/en/listed-companies/financial-statements-and-annual-report.
  14. Connelly, Brian L, Certo, S. Trevis, Reutzel, Christopher R, DesJardine, Mark R, and Zhou, Yi Shi. (2025). Signaling Theory: State of the Theory and Its Future, Journal of Management, Vol. 51, No. 1, 24–61. doi:10.1177/01492063241268459.
  15. Svetek, M. (2022). Signaling in the Context of Early-Stage Equity Financing: Review and Directions, Venture Capital, Vol. 24, No. 1, 71–104. doi:10.1080/13691066.2022.2063092.
  16. Chhillar, P., and Lellapalli, R. V. (2022). Role of Earnings Management and Capital Structure in Signalling Early Stage of Financial Distress: A Firm Life Cycle Perspective, Cogent Economics & Finance, Vol. 10, No. 1, 2106634. doi:10.1080/23322039.2022.2106634.
  17. Alqaraleh, M. H., Nour, A. I., Kasasbeh, F. I., and Kielani, J. Z. (2026). Navigating Financial Clarity: The Impact of Internal Audit Outsourcing and Auditor Experience, Moderated by Self-Efficacy in Understandability of Financial Reporting, Journal of Islamic Marketing, Vol. 17, No. 2, 772–790. doi:10.1108/JIMA-11-2023-0383.
  18. Ghoniem, Y. A. S. A. (2026). Does Bancassurance Influence the Financial Performance of the Insurance Industry? A Case Study of Life Insurance Company in a Developing Country, Journal of Financial Reporting and Accounting, Vol. 24, No. 3, 1680–1697. doi:10.1108/JFRA-01-2024-0004.
  19. Quoc, T. N. K., Hong, V. T., Van, T. Le, Minh, H. N., and Ngoc, O. N. T. (2024). Financial Statements’ Reliability Affects Firms’ Performance: A Case of Vietnam, Journal of Eastern European and Central Asian Research (JEECAR), Vol. 11, No. 1, 143–155. doi:10.15549/jeecar.v11i1.1432.
  20. Harjuno, D., Vitarani, D., Raditiningsih, S., and Mais, R. G. (2025). Analysis of the Implementation of PSAK 1 Concerning the Presentation of Financial Statements in Construction Companies in Indonesia, SINOMIKA JOURNAL: Publikasi Ilmiah Bidang Ekonomi Dan Akuntansi, Vol. 3, No. 5, 331–342. doi:10.54443/sinomika.v3i5.2465.
  21. Devaliya, D., Kresnawati, K., and Astuty, K. (2025). Analysis of the Preparation of Sak-Emkm Financial Statements at the Jaya Mart Small and Medium Enterprise in the Village of Gading Jaya, Mukomuko Regency, Journal of Accounting and Management, Vol. 2, No. 2, 59–72. doi:10.70963/jam.v2i2.1017.
  22. Hasanaj, P., and Kuqi, B. (2019). Analysis of Financial Statements, Humanities and Social Science Research, Vol. 2, No. 2, p17. doi:10.30560/hssr.v2n2p17.
  23. Metwally, A. B. M., Yasser, M. M., Ahmed, E. A., and Ali, M. A. S. (2025). Financial and Economic Determinants of Banks Financial Distress in MENA Region, Economies, Vol. 13, No. 2, 56. doi:10.3390/economies13020056.
  24. Gao, R., Cui, S., Wang, Y., and Xu, W. (2025). Predicting Financial Distress in High-Dimensional Imbalanced Datasets: A Multi-Heterogeneous Self-Paced Ensemble Learning Framework, Financial Innovation, Vol. 11, No. 1, 50. doi:10.1186/s40854-024-00745-w.
  25. Mlawu, L., Matenda, F. R., and Sibanda, M. (2026). Financial Distress as a Driver of Accrual Earnings Management: Insights from South Africa’s JSE-Listed Firms, Cogent Business & Management, Vol. 13, No. 1. doi:10.1080/23311975.2026.2655973.
  26. Sharif, S., and Saleem, H. M. N. (2024). A Review on the Determinants of Financial Distress, Pakistan Social Sciences Review, Vol. 8, No. 4, 473–484. doi:10.35484/pssr.2024(8-IV)37.
  27. Habib, A., Costa, M. D’, Huang, H. J., Bhuiyan, M. B. U., and Sun, L. (2020). Determinants and Consequences of Financial Distress: Review of the Empirical Literature, Accounting & Finance, Vol. 60, No. S1, 1023–1075. doi:10.1111/acfi.12400.
  28. Zidane, M. M., and Tojibussabirin, M. (2022). An Analysis of Altman, Zmijewski, Grover, Ohlson, and Springate Models in Predicting Financial Distress (a Case Study on PT Garuda Indonesia (Persero) Tbk in 2010-2020), Reviu Akuntansi, Keuangan, Dan Sistem Informasi, Vol. 1, No. 2, 34–42. doi:10.21776/reaksi.2022.1.2.23.
  29. Putri, L. E. N. F., and Permatasari, D. (2025). The Effect of Financial Ratios on Financial Distress with the Springate Approach, MALIA, Vol. 17, No. 1, 39–57. doi:10.35891/ml.v17i1.6394.
  30. Supitriyani, S., Astuti, A., and Azwar, K. (2022). Implementation of Springate, Altman, Grover and Zmijewski Models in Measuring Financial Distress, International Journal of Trends in Accounting Research, Vol. 3, No. 1, 001–008. doi:10.54951/ijtar.v3i1.169.
  31. Nguyen, M., Nguyen, B., and Liêu, M.-L. (2024). Corporate Financial Distress Prediction in a Transition Economy, Journal of Forecasting, Vol. 43, No. 8, 3128–3160. doi:10.1002/for.3177.
  32. Sánchez-Almeyda, C., González-Bueno, J., Koval, V., Reyes-Maldonado, N., Kryshtal, H., and Zharikova, O. (2025). Predicting Financial Distress in the Food Production Sector: A Dual-Model Approach Using Z-Score and O-Score Methods, Discover Sustainability, Vol. 6, No. 1, 731. doi:10.1007/s43621-025-01348-w.
  33. Yendrawati, R., and Adiwafi, N. (2020). Comparative Analysis of Z-Score, Springate, and Zmijewski Models in Predicting Financial Distress Conditions, Journal of Contemporary Accounting, Vol. 2, No. 2, 72–80. doi:10.20885/jca.vol2.iss2.art2.
  34. Tapa, A., and Balakrishnan, T. (2025). Determinants of Financial Distress Using the Zmijewski Model among Public Listed Consumer Product Companies in Malaysia, Indian-Pacific Journal of Accounting and Finance, Vol. 9, No. 2, 3–10. doi:10.52962/ipjaf.2025.9.2.173.
  35. Wulandari, N. D., and Aprilia, W. K. (2023). Potential Bankruptcy of Digital Companies in Indonesia: Analysis of Market Aspects and Financial Aspects Using Springate and Grover Methods, Economics, Business, Accounting & Society Review, Vol. 2, No. 1, 20–32. doi:10.55980/ebasr.v2i1.47.
  36. Melina, M., and Kalinggo, A. G. (2023). The Effect of Altman, Grover and Zmijewski Models in Predicting the Financial Distress of Coal Companies Listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange, IJOSPOL - International Journal of Social, Policy and Law, Vol. 4, No. 1, 69–79. doi:10.8888/ijospl.v4i1.114.
  37. Utama, S., and Hamidah, A. (2024). Comparative Analysis of Financial Distress Models for Islamic Commercial Banks: Ohlson, Taffler, Fulmer, Zmijewski, Springate, and Grover, E3S Web of Conferences, Vol. 571, 03011. doi:10.1051/e3sconf/202457103011.
  38. Subhaktiyasa, P. G. (2024). Menentukan Populasi Dan Sampel: Pendekatan Metodologi Penelitian Kuantitatif Dan Kualitatif, Jurnal Ilmiah Profesi Pendidikan, Vol. 9, No. 4, 2721–2731. doi:10.29303/jipp.v9i4.2657.
  39. Puspita, N. A. L., Pambekti, G. T., and Khoirunisa, K. R. (2024). Financial Distress Analysis As Early Warning System on Halal Tourism Industries: Case Study during COVID-19 Pandemic Era, AKTIVA: Journal Of Accountancy and Management, Vol. 2, No. 2, 106–117. doi:10.24260/aktiva.v2i2.2204.
  40. Demir, S. (2022). Comparison of Normality Tests in Terms of Sample Sizes under Different Skewness and Kurtosis Coefficients, International Journal of Assessment Tools in Education, Vol. 9, No. 2, 397–409. doi:10.21449/ijate.1101295.
  41. Salim, M. N., and Ismudjoko, D. (2021). An Analysis of Financial Distress Accuracy Models in Indonesia Coal Mining Industry: An Altman, Springate, Zmijewski, Ohlson and Grover Approaches, Journal of Economics, Finance and Accounting Studies, Vol. 3, No. 2, 01–12. doi:10.32996/jefas.2021.3.2.1.
  42. Pramesti, A. W., and Yuniningsih, Y. (2023). Comparative Analysis of the Accuracy Level of the Zmijewski, Springate, and Grover Models to Predict Financial Distress, American Journal of Humanities and Social Sciences Research (AJHSSR), Vol. 7, No. 06, 164.

Downloads

Published

2026-07-05

How to Cite

Shabira, N. S., & Suhendra, E. S. (2026). A Comparative Analysis of Financial Distress Prediction Model Accuracy in the Textile and Garment Subsector Listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange. Indatu Journal of Management and Accounting, 4(2), 1–10. https://doi.org/10.60084/ijma.v4i2.440