The Role of Study Habits, Parental Involvement, and School Environment in Predicting Student Achievement: A Machine Learning Perspective

Teuku Rizky Noviandy; Maria Paristiowati; Illyas Md Isa; Rinaldi Idroes

doi:10.60084/jeml.v3i2.350

Authors

Teuku Rizky Noviandy Department of Information Systems, Faculty of Engineering, Universitas Abulyatama, Aceh Besar 23372, Indonesia
Maria Paristiowati Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, Universitas Negeri Jakarta, Jakarta 13220, Indonesia
Illyas Md Isa Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science and Mathematics, Universiti Pendidikan Sultan Idris, Perak 35900, Malaysia
Rinaldi Idroes School of Mathematics and Applied Sciences, Universitas Syiah Kuala, Banda Aceh 23111, Indonesia

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.60084/jeml.v3i2.350

Keywords:

Machine learning, Student achievement, Predictive analytics, Educational data mining

Abstract

This study explores the application of machine learning techniques to predict student achievement based on study habits, parental involvement, and school environment. Using a dataset from Kaggle comprising academic, behavioral, and contextual variables, four machine learning algorithms, namely K-Nearest Neighbors (KNN), Naïve Bayes, Support Vector Machine (SVM), and Random Forest, were implemented and evaluated. Model performance was evaluated using accuracy, precision, recall, F1-score, ROC curve, and Precision–Recall curves. Results show that all models effectively classified students into low- and high-achievement categories, with SVM achieving the highest accuracy (94.02%) and the strongest overall performance. The findings highlight the potential of machine learning-driven predictive analytics in educational settings, enabling early identification of at-risk students and supporting evidence-based interventions. By integrating diverse factors influencing academic performance, this study demonstrates how data-driven approaches can enhance educational management, inform policy, and promote equitable learning outcomes.

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